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	<title>Generative eBooks</title>
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<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>El modelo Rosenzweig-McArthur
</title>
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:36:02Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
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		<description>
&lt;p&gt;We come back to preys and predators. We previously studied a basic model for the interaction of sharks and sardines, namely $$ \begincases \dotx= x(1-x) - xy\ \doty=\beta y ( x-\alpha) \endcases $$ where $x$ represents the density of sardines, $y$ the density of sharks, and $\alpha,\beta$ are positive parameters. We observed and proved that there cannot be limit cycles in this model, which means that the populations of sharks and sardines cannot oscillate periodically in a robust way. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
A (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Teoremas-y-ejemplos-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Teoremas y ejemplos
&lt;/a&gt;


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<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>El p&#233;ndulo idealizado
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		<link>https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/El-pendulo-idealizado.html</link>
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:35:38Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
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&lt;p&gt;Consider the motion of the following idealized pendulum: a bob of mass $m$ is attached to one end of a massless rigid rod. The other end of the rod is pivoted so that the mass may swing in a vertical plane. We neglect both the friction of the pivot and air drag. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
The swinging of the pendulum is governed by $$ \ddot\theta=-\fracgL \sin \theta $$ where $\theta$ is the angle between the rod and the downward vertical. This equation is derived in all textbooks of classical mechanics. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Phase (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Teoremas-y-ejemplos-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Teoremas y ejemplos
&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>



		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>Teorema de Poincar&#233;-Bendixson
</title>
		<link>https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/Teorema-de-Poincare-Bendixson.html</link>
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:35:14Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
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		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Consider a system
&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; $$ \begincases \dotx=f(x,y)\\ \doty=g(x,y) \endcases $$ &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
where $f$ and $g$ have continuous partial derivatives, and such that solutions exist for all $t$. Let $R$ denote a closed, bounded region of the $xy$-plane which contains no fixed points. Suppose that no solution may leave $R$. Then the system has a periodic solution in the region $R$.&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Teoremas-y-ejemplos-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Teoremas y ejemplos
&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>



		

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<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>Teorema de Lyapunov
</title>
		<link>https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/Teorema-de-Lyapunov.html</link>
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:34:44Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
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		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Suppose that we can find a continuously differentiable, real-valued function $L(\boldsymbolx)$ such that $L(\boldsymbolx)&gt;L(\bar\boldsymbolx)$ for all $\boldsymbolx$ in some neighborhood $U$ of $\bar\boldsymbolx$.
&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
If $\dotL(\boldsymbolx)\leq 0$ for all $\boldsymbolx\in U$, then $\bar\boldsymbolx$ is stable.
&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
If $\dotL(\boldsymbolx)&lt; 0$ for all $\boldsymbolx\in U\backslash\\bar\boldsymbolx\$, then $\bar\boldsymbolx$ is asymptotically stable.
&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
If $\dotL(\boldsymbolx)&gt; 0\thinspace \textfor (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Teoremas-y-ejemplos-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Teoremas y ejemplos
&lt;/a&gt;


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		<title>Teorema de Hartman-Grobman
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		<link>https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/Teorema-de-Hartman-Grobman.html</link>
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:34:06Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
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		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Suppose $(\bar x,\bar y)$ is a fixed point of a system
&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; $$ \begincases \dotx = f(x,y)\\ \doty= g(x,y). \endcases $$ Assume that the real part of the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix
&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; $$ A= \beginpmatrix \frac\partial f\partial x\scriptstyle(\bar x,\bar y) &amp; \frac\partial f\partial y\scriptstyle(\bar x,\bar y)\\ \frac\partial g\partial x\scriptstyle(\bar x,\bar y) &amp; \frac\partial g\partial x\scriptstyle(\bar x,\bar y) \endpmatrix $$ are nonzero. Then there is a small region around (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Teoremas-y-ejemplos-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Teoremas y ejemplos
&lt;/a&gt;


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<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>Construir un ciclo l&#237;mite desde cero
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:33:27Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
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		<description>
&lt;p&gt;We want to cook up a simple example of a limit cycle, some kind of toy model. Let us look for a system having the circle of radius one centered at $(0,0)$ as an attracting limit cycle. The trick is to think in terms of polar coordinates $(r,\theta)$. The simplest situation would be to have uncoupled equations for the radial and angular motions: $$ \begincases \dotr=f(r)\ \dot\theta=g(\theta). \endcases $$ In the $r$-direction, we want $f(1)=0$, that is $r=1$ to be a fixed point. We also want (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Teoremas-y-ejemplos-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Teoremas y ejemplos
&lt;/a&gt;


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<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>Teorema de bifurcaci&#243;n de Andronov-Hopf
</title>
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:32:40Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
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		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Assume that, near $\mu=\mu^*$, the Jacobian matrix of the vector field evaluated at $(\barx(\mu),\bary(\mu))$ has eigenvalues of the form &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; $$ a(\mu)\pm i b(\mu) $$ &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
with &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; $$ a(\mu^*)=0\quad\textand\quad b(\mu^*)\neq 0. $$ &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Also assume that the real parts of the eigenvalues change signs as $\mu$ is varied through $\mu^*$, i.e., &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; $$ \frac\textda\textd\mu(\mu^*)\neq 0. $$ &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Given these hypotheses, the following possibilities arise: There is a range $\mu^*&lt;\mu&lt;\mu_1$ such (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Teoremas-y-ejemplos-.html" rel="directory"&gt;Teoremas y ejemplos
&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>



		

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<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>Conjuntos Julia
</title>
		<link>https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/Conjuntos-Julia.html</link>
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:31:39Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Terminamos con la din&#225;mica compleja, un fascinante campo de las matem&#225;ticas, ampliamente conocido por el famoso conjunto de Mandelbrot. Consideraremos el ejemplo m&#225;s sencillo. Consideremos el mapa cuadr&#225;tico $f_c(z)=z^2+c$. Definamos &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
$$ z_n+1=f_c(z_n)=z_n^2+c $$ &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
donde $z_n$ y $c$ son n&#250;meros complejos. Dada una condici&#243;n inicial $z_0$, podemos calcular su imagen $z_1=f_c(z_0)$, a continuaci&#243;n la imagen de su imagen, es decir $z_2=f_c(z_1)=f_c^2(z_0)$, y as&#237; sucesivamente. Aqu&#237; $f_c^2$ (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Y-ahora-que-.html" rel="directory"&gt;&#191;Y ahora qu&#233;?
&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>



		

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<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>Los patrones de Turing
</title>
		<link>https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/Los-patrones-de-Turing.html</link>
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		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:31:05Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Es obvio que muchos fen&#243;menos naturales no quedan recogidos por las ecuaciones diferenciales porque se producen cambios tanto en el tiempo como en el espacio. Matem&#225;ticamente, esto significa que tenemos que considerar ecuaciones diferenciales parciales. En las llamadas ecuaciones de reacci&#243;n-difusi&#243;n, hay reacciones locales en las que las sustancias se transforman unas en otras y pueden degradarse, y difusi&#243;n, que hace que las sustancias se dispersen en el espacio. Tales ecuaciones muestran (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Y-ahora-que-.html" rel="directory"&gt;&#191;Y ahora qu&#233;?
&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>



		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>Un modelo presa-predador en tiempo discreto
</title>
		<link>https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/Un-modelo-presa-predador-en-tiempo-discreto.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/Un-modelo-presa-predador-en-tiempo-discreto.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2023-12-06T15:30:38Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Generative eBooks
</dc:creator>



		<description>
&lt;p&gt;En los modelos de poblaci&#243;n que hemos visto, los modelos de ecuaciones diferenciales implican un solapamiento continuo de las generaciones. Pero muchas especies no tienen solapamiento alguno entre generaciones sucesivas, por lo que el crecimiento de la poblaci&#243;n se produce en pasos discretos. Obtenemos ecuaciones en diferencias definidas por un mapeo. Como hemos visto, se necesitan al menos tres variables (es decir, un espacio de fases tridimensional) para obtener un caos determinista con (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://generative-ebooks.com/ebooks/-Y-ahora-que-.html" rel="directory"&gt;&#191;Y ahora qu&#233;?
&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>



		

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